School factory is a complicated concept, the sustainable world despises it, capitalism consuming society is dependant on it. A great example can be a large operating mine. The operating company have designed a routine and wants employees to learn the routine, perform it in a safe, productive manner like a robot. They train employees over and over (like quarterly mandatory training) for the same routines to make sure they go through it step by step; because an incident will cause more loss than a profit based on a new way of completing a task. Shortcuts are forbidden, and instructions are the golden rules, especially if you are a worker in the field. It can make sense in terms of ensuring that employees are careful enough in completing the job in the safest way without skipping a step to finishing the job earlier. This emphasis on codes and rulebooks can increase safety, preventing the potential hazards of working with heavy-high energy machinery. However, the employees are turning to robots! They are expected to work like robots! But why they do not replace them with robots which can be easily done for simple tasks such as remotely controlled equipment, automatic data logger and so many other simple examples. One reason is that they can create jobs for the local community and get social acceptance. And those employees are happy earning money by following a simple routine in some cases. The interesting part is when they have the same instructions for engineering tasks as well, and if an engineer as the design wants to change a routine in one task there is a long justification process which makes it almost impossible to have a creative idea. If they need a creative idea they hire consulting companies. All of this is to secure the process as much as possible to have a minimum loss in case of any failure or challenging crisis. In this system, the risk of trying a new beneficial path is more than repeating the traditional time-consuming ways. And they apply technology just in case of urgent need and guaranteed result.
You might think that; it is the rule of the business so what? My point is that to train engineers for such a system, there is no need to change the school factory method. The traditional schooling is exactly what industrialized and developing societies require. They hire you to serve a certain task you want to make a home run out of it which is not required, they switch you with an easier-to-deal-with employee. Large companies and organizations and also governments are supporting this education system as it is in their favor. Therefore, although there are research-based organizations which support novelty for their purposes and are supporting higher education, the majority of the jobs in the society required trained obeying employees graduated from a school factory as explained by Seth Godin.
My point is that an aware knowledgeable teacher, who values the novelty and ingenuity, is one side of the story. The other side is the system, which measures students based on their performance on tests. Teachers cannot ignore the acceptance rate of their students on those national or required tests and just rely on training future entrepreneurs. The assessment system is the one which the large companies require to pick the employees who will obey instead of making a mess by initiating a new method.
My question is that, how much is the role of the teacher in this system? I remember my college years in Iran. The entire curriculum was designed to teach students technics in theory with no room to think out of the box. Even in such a framed education system, the courses which were taught by more knowledgeable instructors who encourage students to get deep in concepts were more interesting to me, I spend more time on having extracurricular study on their topics and I am better at them even now. So, the bright side is that although the system might be rigid, the teachers have the power to create microcracks in it.
May 1, 2019 @ 1:30 am
Setareh,
The school factory model is one that is discussed in my field – K12 education. I think an important topic in the conversation is to consider the demands of industry in the 21st century. Thomas Friedman’s ‘”The World is Flat” is a good resource for considering the impact of globalization on workplace skills and models of education. You ask really good and important questions. I wonder how this topic fits in with the other questions you pose here. Thanks for the insightful and interesting post.
Gary
May 1, 2019 @ 10:50 pm
Thank you, Gary. I am glad that there is a course about this topic and I hope it gets into the engineering curriculum one day.
May 1, 2019 @ 1:37 am
You bring up a good point in that simple and repetitive tasks are necessary for many professions. But you also point out that the more we train towards these tasks, the more we expect living, breathing, dreaming human beings to behave as robots. This is neither healthy nor wise. The fact of the matter is that our current system is set up such that we put profit over human lives. A worker can drive a robot and such remotely. This is still a job that requires similar repetitive tasks but doesn’t risk the worker’s life to black lung, mine collapse, and other things. However, the cost of that worker’s life is still cheaper to the company than to replace him with an actual robot. That’s messed up in my view.
Anyway, back to education, I think workers should at least be able to fully understand why they are doing the actions they are. Why is that golden rule the safest way they can do things? People will remember safety rules better if they have context for its application and know why a rule was put in place. I think there is probably a spectrum for how critically people need to think for any given job, but currently, we need a lot more of the critical thinking to help prevent the giant ethical case studies we keep seeing pop up (Tesla, Volvo, Boeing, any HydroFracking company, BP’s many oil spills, etc)
May 1, 2019 @ 10:59 pm
Thank you for your comment. I agree training for engineers and workers are all required. Meanwhile, social critiques can be placed in regulations of the large industrial companies.
May 1, 2019 @ 2:56 pm
When I read this I remembered my time in the career office and how you polish you resume and cover letter to be targeted to places of employment you wanted. “X company really likes this skill” or “It’s better to give yourself wiggle room by conveying…” and so on. I think this is because in university we learn a wide variety of skills and topics — but only a very small fraction of them are required for the next stage of your working life. So the “School Factory” is very much meant to get the company employees as it is to getting new graduates jobs. Some jobs are not glamorous and are repetitive in nature — others have skills that are applicable and dynamic (i.e. engineering firms).
How can the system change? I don’t believe it can change in the way we want it to due to the pressure of having students go towards the working class — and the evaluation method people look at are grades. For instance, software developers are getting hired without formal education by having a portfolio showcasing their skill set. However, this is just one kind of job — but I can see an undergrad historian having trouble making that same case as they do different work entirely.
So what can teachers do? I’m not sure honestly.. my thoughts go to how can the teacher better prepare a student for them to think deeply about their discipline. Fan the fire of a passion that the student has so they may broaden not only their knowledge but their skill set as well. Who knows, this student could start their own business, be a sole proprietor, freelance — and avoid being a part of the machine if you will.
May 1, 2019 @ 11:04 pm
Thank you for your valuable comment. I am glad that you brought up your own experience.
I was thinking, Maybe, each discipline can have their own different meetings not just about funding and money but about how to fix these issues.
May 1, 2019 @ 3:46 pm
I think part of the problem that you outline here is that teachers often aren’t actually the solution. Many professors approach teaching as entirely secondary in direct response to the fact that the university systems has switched its focus to grant-winning and research rather than focusing on the educational aspect. I think your insights are right on the mark, but sadly the system has found ways to disincentivize all but the most dedicated from pursing strategies that create those “microcracks” you are talking about.
May 1, 2019 @ 11:24 pm
I agree, it seems there is a long way especially in engineering school to have these issues fixed. Thank you for your great comment.
May 1, 2019 @ 3:59 pm
You are asking some hard and important questions, Setarah! And you know there are no easy answers to them. I think you (and Tim) are on the right path by focusing on the impact that individual teachers can make, regardless of the oppressiveness of the larger system. I think just raising awareness (with your students) around the kinds of economic and structural forces that are shaping their “education” is important and meaningful. I put that in quotes because, to my mind, there is a distinction between vocational training – which by definition focuses on a specific suite of applied skills, and education, which should develop broad and integrative aptitudes for understanding and engaging with the world — and if that means appreciating that the system needs to be changed, then let’s press on!
And to modify Tim’s point — the History or English major is actually very much in demand these days because they have the communication and analytical skills that are essential for successfully leveraging technical expertise. I see our broader challenge as being about reclaiming education as valuable in its own right — and not conflating education with job training, which will always be about the factory system.
May 1, 2019 @ 11:33 pm
I agree on the term conflict; however, the basics of engineering are still taught about the same as engineering training and large companies in Mining, Minerals and oil and gas support this kind of training for engineers with bachelor’s degrees. In grad school, the story is a little bit different but there is still a little room for innovation. I understand that new graduate engineers should follow the conventions and it is how engineering shaped in the first place to solving life problems step by step and moving forward to face a new problem. But, I believe educators should teach them that there are other ways to do stuff but it is done this way because of a certain history and asks students to think about new ways although they are not practical yet!. Thank you so much for your valuable comment.
May 1, 2019 @ 4:01 pm
Hi Setareh,
You are making a strong point about the capitalism-driven school factory method and what many would have us believe is the right and only way to educate our citizens. I think you’re asking a good question about what is the role of the teacher. Like all things, teachers and their pedagogy exist on a spectrum. There are many like the ones you describe, who teach rote tasks, theories and technical knowledge through lectures, memorization and assessment of what the students have retained. And then there are others who do the same thing–teaching students about the same kind of content, but in a different way; they facilitate experiences that drive students with curiosity and inspire them to reach for that technical knowledge that is needed to solve the problem at hand. There are teachers who see students as ID numbers within a category (i.e.: “domestic-undergrad” vs “international-graduate,” etc.) and those kinds of teachers, I would bet care more about how their teaching is perceived by administration because of their pass-fail rates and test scores than whether or not their students are actually learning, finding what ignites their passions and growing into the people they will become. To me, the role of the teacher is everything because education, as Seth Godin points out, is about making a human connection, helping students being “seen” as an individual and for students to have an opportunity to ask questions and engage.
You’re probably right that there will always be a place for the school factory method and that certain sectors of society will continue to push forward on the necessity of formal assessment, rote memorization and making sure that we have trained perfect workers. I would argue that an even more powerful movement is on the rise and that is one where education is seen as learner-centered, equitable and individual as the jobs (and world) of tomorrow is going to require a citizenry with the skills to think critically and to solve sticky problems–many of which we don’t even know about yet. I believe our role as educators is to help our students “see” the world in a more emphatic and equitable way, to help them dream/think big, innovative ideas and to help guide them toward becoming engaged and informed citizens.
Thank you for your reflection this week. I think it gives us all a lot to think about. It certainly made me scratch my head for a minute and reaffirm my own views on education, pedagogy and the role of the teacher. This was very thought provoking.
May 2, 2019 @ 12:36 am
Thank you Sara for your impressive comment. I hope we as educators can change the rigid traditional way of teaching and also thinking step by step and also adding the taste of humanities to engineering sciences and all majors.
May 1, 2019 @ 4:20 pm
Interesting post Setareh,
On the one hand, I agree with you that there is a systematic problem in the education system which puts obstacles in front of a teacher who would like to take teaching seriously. On the other hand, I still teachers could do something to improve their teaching within the institutional limit and try to push the boundary as much as they can. Under the same institution and with similar boundaries we usually see some teacher do better than others in terms of motivating student, encourage them to think critically.
May 2, 2019 @ 12:37 am
I agree with you Mohammed, and I hope the increase in the number of those teachers.
May 1, 2019 @ 8:27 pm
Really good points Setareh! In this case I would like to be optimistic and think that maybe if more teachers put some effort to build on those “microcracks”, that would affect more and more individuals like yourself to think and act creatively and if more and more students do not fit the routined obedience profile required by industries, I am sure the perspectives will slowly shift.
May 2, 2019 @ 12:38 am
That is the Hope Riya. Thank you for your comment. The courses like contemporary pedagogy help to have more of thought-provoking students.
May 1, 2019 @ 9:44 pm
Oh, the balance!! There’s that part of business that requires so much efficiency, efficiency, efficiency! The smallest ripple makes waves, and if the ups don’t like it, you’re cut out of the system But there’s the need for flexibility, because we’re human. I don’t know what the answer is, except, as you hinted, by creating micro-cracks. That’s a long-term goal, but it could work. Maybe adding more emphasis on the human in us all. Bosses don’t want to hear that your car needs repairs – not their problem… though it is. Can’t show up to work? Replaced with another. I hope that we’ll all be more empathetic as we gain ‘the upper hand’ in our lives. Thank you for the post
May 2, 2019 @ 12:41 am
Big agreement on this point. I believe empathy should be taught at school and also practiced. teachers should show empathy as well as students. Thank you for your comment.
May 7, 2019 @ 10:31 pm
Hi Setareh,
Insightful post. You’ve presented your argument so beautifully. I think teachers should continue to make the little dents in the universe while hoping that students who are trained under an innovative system may develop an innovative mindset that will change the status quo – maybe not today but eventually. Great post!